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摘要：就民间传说类非遗项目的确认与界定而言，《保护非物质文化遗产公约》的三重名录列入体系与中国《国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录》之间存在着明显的张力：前者提供的例证虽寥寥无几，但重在故事讲述过程的代际传承；后者已积累了丰富案例，然而其清单呈现方式却体现出潜在的“作品化”导向。为确保非遗项目的存续力，国家层面的非遗保护工作可以通过《非遗公约》建立的国际合作机制汲取经验和教训，并将“过程性”保护置于首位，以进一步促进国际承认和国际理解。由此，以保护口头传统的文化意义和社会功能为基线行动，将故事讲述传统的当代实践确立为民间文学散体讲述类非遗项目的保护重心，将有助于提高各利益相关方和社会公众对非遗保护及其重要性的认识。
关键词：口头传统；民间传说；非遗项目；故事讲述传统；过程性保护
作者简介：陆慧玲，扬州大学文学院讲师（扬州 225002）
Abstract: In identifying and defining elements of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) based on folk legends, there has been a notable tension between the “threefold listing mechanism” under the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (the 2003 Convention) and China’s National Inventory of Representative Elements of Intangible Cultural Heritage. While the former clearly emphasizes the intergenerational transmission of storytelling in process but provides few examples, the latter potentially focuses on “production-oriented” representation but has accumulated numerous cases. To ensure the viability of ICH elements, safeguarding practices at the national level can benefit from the experience and lessons learned through the international cooperation mechanisms established under the 2003 Convention; prioritizing the “safeguarding-in-process" approach has become essential to promote further international recognition and understanding. In doing so, safeguarding the cultural meanings and social functions in oral traditions should be taken as a baseline action, and the contemporary practice of storytelling traditions should be put forward as the weight of safeguarding ICH elements related to prose narratives in folk literature. Such efforts will contribute to raising the awareness of all stakeholders concerned and the general public about ICH safeguarding and its importance.
Key words: oral tradition; folk legends; intangible cultural heritage elements; storytelling tradition; safeguarding-in-process
About the author: LU Huiling, Lecturer at College of Liberal Arts, Yangzhou University (Yangzhou 225002)
文章来源：中国民俗学网
【本文责编：李中彦】
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